Natural antifungal agents -
In individuals with Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder in which the prevalence of SD is much higher in some studies, there is a significantly increased yeast density on lesional skin sites as compared to SD individuals without Parkinson's disease.
extracellular lipase activity. These extracellular lipases break down triglycerides on the skin into oleic and arachidonic fatty acids, causing desquamation of skin cells and triggering an inflammatory response that worsens itch and erythema.
Many natural products show anti-fungal effects, but these effects may not always translate into clinical efficacy. sympodialis , comparable to MIC 90 of ketoconazole KTZ control. Tea tree oil Melaleuca alternifolia has been used by the indigenous people of Australia as a traditional remedy for wounds and skin infections, and numerous studies have reported its antiseptic properties due to disruption of bacterial membranes.
Bitter-ash Quassia amara L. is another medicinal plant widely used in Brazilian folk medicine. Its wood is purported to have antimicrobial, antimalarial, and analgesic properties. Further, two weeks after discontinuing treatment the bitter-ash group still has a significantly lower severity score of 3.
The neem tree Azadirachta indica is primarily cultivated in India. Its antimicrobial and antiviral properties have been used traditionally to clean teeth, treat skin disorders, and act as a tonic. Its ethnomedicinal uses include mixing the root powder with lime juice and applying topically to act as an antiparisitic and astringent.
formulated a poly-herbal oil containing Pala indigo Wrightia tinctoria , Ringworm shrub Cassia alata , and Neem Tree Azadirachta indica and had 10 volunteers with severe dandruff apply daily for three weeks.
At the end of the study, scale samples were cultured, but none of the cultures contained M. furfur , demonstrating clinical antifungal activity. Lastly, Aloe vera is used widely throughout southeast Asia, especially in Ayurvedic medicine.
The leaves and juice of the plant have been used to treat peptic ulcers, animal bites, and burns. Tinea versicolor TV is a recurrent skin infection caused by Malassezia species. TV is estimated to affect as many as 60 percent of individuals in tropical and humid areas.
Several studies have explored plant extracts for topical application against TV lesions. Dill seed Anethum graveolens is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine in India as a carminative, digestive aid, and diuretic. Limitations to this study, however, include the small sample size, lack of blinding, and absence of a control group.
Artemisia sieberi is a desert plant found throughout central Asia and traditionally used as an insecticide. Further, lab examination at four weeks showed Because of the high rates of recurrence with TV, further research should be conducted that explores the efficacy of these treatments long-term.
Lemongrass Cymbopogon citratus is a plant widely used throughout southeast Asia as a snake repellant, purgative, antispasmodic, and diuretic. The lemongrass treatment group had a 60 percent cure rate compared to an 80 percent cure rate for KTZ.
For example, Lone, et al. developed a polyherbal formulation containing Ceylon leadwort Plumbugo zeylanicum , Black mustard Brassica nigra , Sneeze wort Dregea volubis , India madder Rubia cordifolia , Radish Raphanus sativus , and vinegar and had 20 TV patients apply it twice daily.
Further, there was a significant improvement in scaling, itching, and symptom severity score as compared to baseline score for the poly-herbal treatment group.
Overall, this evidence demonstrates a wide variety of botanicals implicated for the successful treatment of tinea versicolor.
Tinea pedis TP is a dermatophytic infection of the feet and toes most often caused by the fungus Trichophyton rubrum. In addition to its efficacy for SD, tea tree TT oil was also tested in individuals with interdigital TP.
Clinical response was seen in 68 percent of the half-strength group, compared to 72 percent in the quarter-strength group and 39 percent in the placebo group. Culture of skin scrapings also showed a mycological cure rate of 64 percent in the half-strength group compared to 31 percent in the placebo group.
Snakeroot Ageratina pichinchensis is a perennial plant found throughout central America. In Mexican traditional medicine, the aerial parts of the plant are used for treatment of skin wounds. pichinchensis extract, high concentration A. After applying the assigned solution topically for four weeks, mycological cure rate was Garlic Allium sativum has been used for thousands of years in folk medicine.
One study evaluated the efficacy of ajoene, one of the primary bioactive compounds in garlic, on 47 patients with TP.
The patients were divided into three groups: 14 patients were treated with 0. After 30 days of treatment, mycological cure was achieved in 60 percent, percent, and 88 percent of groups one, two, and three, respectively. The remaining 21 percent achieved mycological cure after an additional seven days of treatment.
At day follow-up, the patients were evaluated for recurrence, and all yielded negative cultures for fungus. Onychomycosis is a dermatophytic infection of the nails predominantly caused by the fungal agent Trichophyton rubrum.
In addition to its efficacy for SD and TP, TT oil also was tested in individuals with distal subungual onychomycosis OM. Debridement and clinical assessment were performed at 0, 1, 3, and 6 months. In addition to its efficacy for TP, Ageratina pichinchensis is also implicated for the clinical treatment of OM.
A lacquer solution containing A. Seventy one percent of patients in the experimental group and Moreover, There are several botanicals with promising antifungal effectiveness in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to examine formulations of plant extracts that are safe and efficacious in the treatment of fungal infections.
While tea tree oil demonstrated clinically-relevant antifungal activity in SD, OM, and TP, there remains a risk of developing contact dermatitis.
Despite this, there is provocative evidence that there are natural products that may be of value for cutaneous fungal infections that may one day yield more mainstream therapies.
Rincón S, Cepero de García MC, Espinel-Ingroff A. A Modified Christensen's Urea and CLSI Broth Microdilution Method for Testing Susceptibilities of Six Malassezia Species to Voriconazole, Itraconazole, and Ketoconazole. Journal of Clinical Microbiology ; Gupta AK, Kohli Y, Summerbell RC et al. Quantitative culture of Malassezia species from different body sites of individuals with or without dermatoses.
Medical Mycology ; Gupta A, Kohli Y, Li A et al. In vitro susceptibility of the seven Malassezia species to ketoconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine.
British Journal of Dermatology ; Rojas FD, Sosa Mde L, Fernandez MS et al. Antifungal susceptibility of Malassezia furfur, Malassezia sympodialis, and Malassezia globosa to azole drugs and amphotericin B evaluated using a broth microdilution method.
Med Mycol ; Balkis MM, Leidich SD, Mukherjee PK et al. Mechanisms of Fungal Resistance. Drugs ; Abhinav C, Mahajan VK, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS.
Allergic contact dermatitis due to clotrimazole with cross-reaction to miconazole. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. Borda LJ, Wikramanayake TC.
Seborrheic Dermatitis and Dandruff: A Comprehensive Review. Journal of Clinical and Investigative Dermatology ; 3: Schwartz RA, Janusz CA, Janniger CK. Seborrheic dermatitis: An Overview. American Family Physician ; Dessinioti C, Katsambas A. Seborrheic dermatitis: Etiology, risk factors, and treatments: Facts and controversies.
Clinics in Dermatology ; Arsic Arsenijevic VS, Milobratovic D, Barac AM et al. A laboratory-based study on patients with Parkinson's disease and seborrheic dermatitis: the presence and density of Malassezia yeasts, their different species and enzymes production.
BMC Dermatol ; Heng MC, Henderson CL, Barker DC et al. Correlation of Pityosporum ovale density with clinical severity of seborrheic dermatitis as assessed by a simplified technique. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology ; Levin NA. Beyond Spaghetti and Meatballs: Skin Diseases Associated with the Malassezia Yeasts.
Dermatology Nursing ; Sibi G, Alam A, Shah J et al. Susceptibility pattern of Malassezia species to selected plant extracts and antifungal agents.
International Journal of Green Pharamacy ; 8: Nenoff P, Haustein UF, Brandt W. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia tea tree oil against pathogenic fungi in vitro.
Skin Pharmacology ; 9: Pooja A, Arun N, Maninder K. Screening of plant essential oils for antifungal activity against Malassezia furfur. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ; 5: Carson CF, Hammer KA, Riley TV.
Melaleuca alternifolia Tea Tree Oil: a Review of Antimicrobial and Other Medicinal Properties. Clinical Microbiology Reviews ; Satchell AC, Saurajen A, Bell C et al. Toma W, Gracioso JS, Hiruma-Lima CA et al. Evaluation of the analgesic and antiedematogenic activities of Quassia amara bark extract.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology ; It is native to the Mediterranean region, but has become naturalized in many other locales. Calendula has been traditionally used to heal wounds and to treat infections, and it is also valued as a medicinal herb for the treatment of gastrointestina l, respiratory, and urogenital disorders.
The essential oil of calendula is used as a natural antifungal agent to treat fungal infections of the skin, mouth, and nails. Boric acid, also known as borax, is a naturally occurring mineral compound that is associated with a range of health benefits.
Although boric acid is most commonly used as an eyewash to treat eye infections, it has been used to treat a variety of other conditions, including vaginal yeast infections, fungal infections of the mouth, and warts. Boric acid has antibacterial properties, making it a great, affordable home remedy for fungus.
Research shows that boric acid suppository capsules appear to be very effective against yeast infections, particularly those caused by Candida.
An early study found that boric acid suppositories, when taken nightly for 7 to 10 days, have up to a 92 percent cure rate.
That is a strong number! Source, Source. Milk thistle Silybum marianum is a flowering plant native to southern Europe and the Mediterranean region. Extracts of the seeds and leaves have been used in traditional medicine to treat liver and gallbladder disorders, as well as heart disease and cancer.
Milk thistle is also used to soothe digestive disorders and skin conditions like eczema, boils, psoriasis, and acne. Milk thistle contains a complex of bioactive compounds called flavonolignans, which have been shown to have antifungal activity. In another study, researchers found that silymarin, the active compound in milk thistle, has potent anti- Candida activity.
Echinacea has a long history of use in Native American medicine, where it was used for the treatment of respiratory and skin infections, as well as for snake bites and other wounds. However, this herb is most well-known for its purported use as a cold and flu remedy.
Black walnut Juglans nigra is a large tree native to North America that is rich in tannins and juglone, a chemical compound that makes the nuts inedible to people.
In fact, the compound is so potent that it is used as a natural pesticide and preservative for wood. The antimicrobial qualities of black walnut have also been of interest to researchers in recent years. In a study in which researchers tested the efficacy of black walnut extract on a variety of fungal strains, they found that black walnut extract was able to inhibit the growth of all strains.
And in a study in which researchers examined the antifungal activity of black walnut, they found that it was able to inhibit the growth of several strains of Candida , a fungus that can cause systemic infections in immunocompromised patients.
As with other natural antimicrobials, more research is needed to determine the appropriate doses and application of black walnut extract. The antifungal activity of juglone has also been compared to other known antifungal agents, such as griseofulvin, clotrimazole, tolnaftate, triacetin, zinc undecylenate, selenium sulfide, liriodenine and liriodenine methionine.
In a study, it was determined that juglone exhibited moderate antifungal activity similar to zinc undecylenate and selenium sulfide, which are commercially available antifungal agents.
Herbs and spices are an easy way to add anti-fungal properties to your diet and help prevent fungal infections. While the scientific mechanisms that power these natural remedies vary, studies show they are powerful natural options to prevent and inhibit fungal growth.
Consider incorporating herbs and spices like turmeric, oregano oil, cinnamon, and berberine to promote optimal health. Rooted In Science.
Root Causes. Healthy Living. Schedule a Call Select a day to schedule a free minute call with a member of our Care Team. What Are the Most Effective Natural Antifungal Herbs and Supplements? Here are some of the best natural antifungal herbs and supplements to add to your diet and help prevent fungal infections.
Medically Reviewed. Healthy Living Supplements. Heal naturally with our Day Challenge. Download Guide. Learn more. STAY INFORMED. digestive discomfort. Decode Your Symptoms. Undecylenic Acid Although undecylenic acid is primarily used in the form of a topical antifungal treatment, the unsaturated fatty acid derived from castor oil is also commonly consumed as a dietary supplement for its alleged antifungal and antibacterial properties.
Source Grapefruit Seed Extract Grapefruit seed extract GSE is derived from the seeds and pulp of grapefruit.
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